Bends and Mods


Circuits bending is, in essence, making links where none existed before. It disrupts electronics by bridging circuits, adding pots, switches and other components to produce random sounds and music. Bending a device can throw up completely unexpected results, with 'chance' sounds seemingly coming out of nowhere.

Mods on the other hand, are a more regimented, thought-out affair that produces predictable outcomes. They usually seek to add or extend features - for instance, adding a volume control. Mods and bends are not mutually exclusive and some of their boundaries are not always clear-cut. 

But it's easy to see why artist and inventor Reed Ghazala, the grandfather of circuit bending, sees it as an almost spiritual process, establishing a connection to something else that lies behind the electronics... the ghost in the machine.


some of my finished instruments



circuit boards